Natural source zone depletion (NSZD) can be a sustainable risk-management strategy for petroleum hydrocarbon light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) impacting the subsurface. NSZD refers to the combination of naturally occurring processes – biodegradation, vaporisation, volatilisation and dissolution – that act to reduce LNAPL mass, saturation and mobility in the subsurface. Recent advances in NSZD are captured in this document, alongside a decision-making framework, to provide technical guidance for practitioners, regulators and liability owners on the science and practical considerations for the application of NSZD-based risk management strategies in the UK.
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